An anal fissure is a painful tear in the lining of anus, most commonly in the midline posteriorly. It most commonly occurs when passing hard/large stools. People with inflammatory bowel condition such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease may also develop this condition.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/ Lou Gehrig’s disease/ Motor Neuron disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Usually occur after the age of 50 years. Males have a slightly higher predisposition. Only 5 to 10% are familial.
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It is the inflammation of the Achilles tendon which is the large tendon connecting calf muscle to the heel bone. The risk increases in the people of age 30 to 50 years, who exercise more often and who have recently engaged in increased physical activity. Some antibiotics also increase the risk.
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Appendicitis is the inflammation of appendix because of which it gets filled with pus causing pain. Although anyone can develop appendicitis, it is more common in people between 10 and 30 years of age. It may result as a blockage of lining of appendix that causes bacteria to multiply.
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It is a condition on autism spectrum disorder with higher functioning ability. It is a group of developmental problems characterized by difficulty in nonverbal communication, social interaction ad behavior. Language and intelligence are relatively unimpaired in Asperger’s syndrome. It becomes apparent in childhood, affects more boys than girls. Genetic and environmental factors also play a role. There is difficulty in making eye contact and there is repetitive behavior with few emotions.
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Atherosclerosis is hardening and narrowing of arteries due to accumulation of cholesterol rich deposits lining the arteries over time. Causes include family history, increased cholesterol, increased blood pressure, inflammation from arthritis, lupus etc., obesity, diabetes, and smoking As plaque gets bigger, it causes blockage which might result in decreased blood flow to the body.
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It is a condition which affects a person’s behavior and ability to concentrate. First diagnosed in childhood, before 12 years of age may persist in adulthood.k.
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BPPV is an inner ear disorder which cause short episodes of vertigo (sudden spinning sensation) on head movement Episodes are due to dislocation of crystals in the inner ear which regulated equilibrium Old are affected more than the young
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It is a chronic condition where the walls of bronchi are thickened and enlarged from inflammation People with bronchiectasis may have periodic flareups called exacerbations. Due to damage of walls, bronchi are no longer able to drain the secretions effectively leading to mucous buildup and nidus of infection which further leads to more damage creating a vicious cycle.
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Bronchitis occurs when the tubes that carry air to the lungs called bronchi get inflamed and swollen. Acute bronchitis is more common where the symptoms last for weeks. It is mostly due to flu viruses. Chronic bronchitis is recurring. It may be due to bacteria/air pollution/dusty or smoky environment..
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Enlarged heart is a condition in which muscle wall of the heart’s left pumping chamber (ventricle) becomes thickened. Heart like other muscle gets thicker when it made to work harder than normal. The common causes include high blood pressure, valve diseases, hypertrophic obstructive cardio myotherapy (HOCM), congenital heart disease.
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It is a type of cancer occurring in cervix – lower part of uterus that connects to vagina. It occurs due to various strains of HPV which can be prevented with vaccine. Risk factors include early sexual activity, other STDs and smoking
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It is the cancer of large intestine (colon) which is the final part of the digestive tract. Mostly diagnosed in adults above 60 years. Other risk factors include family history of colorectal cancer, obesity, regular red meat intake, eating less fiber, inflammatory bowel disease.
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Concussion is the temporary injury to the brain. Common causes are contact sports and accidents
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It is the inflammation of the outer membrane of the eyeball and inner eyelid. It can be viral/bacterial/allergic.
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CAD is the buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply oxygen rich blood to heart. Plaque consists of cholesterol, fatty substances, waste products, calcium, and clotting factors. High cholesterol, high BP, family history of heart disease, diabetes, smokers, men of age >45 years, postmenopausal women, overweight, physical inactivity causes plaque to accumulate gradually over years, so symptoms occur on later stage.
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Crohn’s disease comes under the group of autoimmune disorder called Inflammatory bowel disease. It is a chronic inflammation of digestive tract affecting anywhere in the digestive tract but mostly the small bowel and colon. Smoking and family history are risk factors.
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It is a genetic condition affecting lungs, pancreas, and digestive system. It affects the cells that produces mucous, sweat, and digestive juices in their salt and water transport. This caused the secretion to become thick and sticky which plug up the tubes and ducts in lungs and pancreas. Cystic fibrosis is caused by genetic mutation in CFTR gene in both parents. It is common in northern European heritage..
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