Dementia is a term used to describe a group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily life. It is more common in elderly age group. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of progressive dementia in older adults but there are other causes of dementia The most common types are Alzheimer’s disease Lewy Body Disease Frontotemporal dementia Vascular dementia Mixed dementia
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It is a neurological death in which there is a slow, progressive nerve damage Though the case is unknown, it may be related to an overactive immune system This condition is more common in women than men and in ages between 15 and 60 MS can affect any nerve.
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Myocardial infarction / heart attack is a medical emergency where a coronary artery (blood vessel of heart) is blocked and cannot supply the heart muscle with blood and oxygen which causes damage to heart muscle. Heart attacks are slightly more common in men and middle aged to older adults. Important risk factors are diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, alcohol, smoking and obesity
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Nephrotic syndromes occur because of damage to the small filtering units of the kidneys. Due to the damage to the fibrils, too much protein slips from blood into the urine. As a result, fluid builds up in the body and causes swelling.
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory condition of the joints which is caused by an autoimmune reaction where the immune system mistakenly recognizes our body tissues as foreign and attacks it. RA mainly attacks joints, usually many joints at once. RA commonly affects joins in the hand, wrists, and knees. RA can also affect other tissues of lungs, heart and eyes.
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Rickets is a bone disorder affecting the children. It occurs due to vitamin D or calcium deficiencies. This causes the bone to become brittle and bent. Children with medical condition that affects the absorption of nutrients in the intestine and children who do not get enough sunlight exposure are also at risk.
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Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder that affects the way a person thinks, acts, expresses emotions and perceives reality. Schizophrenia tends to occur in teenage years or in early adulthood. Schizophrenia occurs when there is a disturbance in the chemicals responsible for the brains messaging system.
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Sepsis is a life-threatening condition due to body’s extreme response to an infection. The response is so extreme that it begins to damage the body’s own tissues. Infections that lead to sepsis mostly starts in the lungs, urinary tract, skin, or gastrointestinal tract. Without timely treatment, sepsis can lead to tissue damage, organ failure and death. Young children, the elderly, people with other medical conditions and immunocompromised are at higher risk.
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Sinusitis is the inflammation of the tissue lining in the sinuses. Sinuses are hollow spaces within the bones between eyes, behind cheekbones and in forehead fitted with air Sinusitis occurs when fluid builds up in the air-filled pockets which acts as a nidus for genes. Sinusitis is mostly caused by virus and some bacteria. People with seasonal allergies, nasal polyps, deviated nasal septum, smokers are most likely to get sinusitis.
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Stroke occurs when blood supply to parts of brain is interrupted or reduced preventing the brain tissue from getting enough oxygen and nutrients. It is a medical emergency. Stroke can be ischemic stroke where brain blood vessels get narrowed/occluded or hemorrhagic stroke where there is leaking from a blood vessel
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Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Syphilis most commonly spreads through sexual contact. Syphilis less commonly spread through direct contact with lesions or through childbirth. Syphilis develops in stages. The first sign of syphilis is a small sore called chancre. This stage forms primary syphilis. Within a few weeks of the original chancre healing, secondary syphilis develops. It may be characterized by generalized symptoms like rash, hair loss, muscle aches, fever, sore throat, and swollen nodes If not treated, secondary syphilis may turn into latent stage with no symptoms. Sometimes, latent stage progresses to tertiary syphilis which affects brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints
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SLE is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks a normal cell. SLE tends to run in families. Smoking and certain medical conditions can trigger this condition. Women are more frequently affected than men.SLE can affect several parts of the body.
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Testicular cancer is a cancer that arises from testicles. Testicles are the male reproductive organs found inside the scrotum that produces sperm and male hormone testosterone. It is more common in young men between 15 and 35 years of age..
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Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacteria clostridium tetani. This bacteria lives in soil and can enter the body through breaks in the skin and produces a toxin that cause painful muscle contractions. It is also called lockjaw, because the jaw muscles are affected in early stages causing difficulty in opening of mouth.
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Tonsillitis is an inflammatory condition of the tonsils. It can be either caused by infection with bacteria or viruses Children are at higher risk of developing tonsillitis
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TB is a bacterial infection which is contagious. It spreads through droplet infection. It mostly affects the lungs but can affect any part of the body including abdomen, bones, vital organs, and nervous system. People with weakened immune system and children living with TB affected people are at risk.
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Ulcerative colitis belongs to a group of conditions known as inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD). Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammation if the digestive system which usually affects the colon and rectum. It is an autoimmune condition. Most people develop ulcerative colitis between ages of 15 and 30 years or between 50 and 70 years of age. Diet, stress may aggravate the condition
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